Axiom of ChoiceBring a problem ↗

Selected work

A career spent changing layers.

The layer changes. The habit of looking underneath does not.

1978–84hardware → systems

Processors, AI labs, and the first thing on SUN

Architected the Fairchild F9445, built systems for an AI laboratory, and put Smalltalk-80 on the prototype Stanford University Network workstation.

1984–91languages → products

Making Smalltalk fast enough to become ordinary

Co-authored the POPL implementation paper and led the commercial system at ParcPlace. Dynamic translation and inline caching escaped into the world.

1991–99protocols → commerce

The Web, before the padlock icon

Co-designed Secure HTTP, led Secure Mosaic and the SET reference implementation, and helped early Internet credit-card transactions work in practice.

1995–12companies → exits

Three companies, three different kinds of problem

Founded Terisa Systems and Usable Security Systems; led product at CollabRx. Security, authentication, and personalized oncology.

1998–nowevidence → explanation

Technical cases where the details are the case

Patent validity and infringement, licensing, copyright, antitrust, protected source code, and the history and architecture of commercial systems.

latelyAI → useful work

Tools for inconveniently large questions

Language models and conventional software for medical literature, patents, private collections, and code—reducing search spaces to reviewable evidence.